解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Insulin signaling in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) is critical to maintain endothelial function but also to mediate insulin action on peripheral glucose disposal. However, gene knockout studies have reached disparate conclusions. Thus, insulin receptor inactivation in ECs does not impair insulin action, whereas ina...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-1296
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute insulin secretion determines the efficiency of glucose clearance. Moreover, impaired acute insulin release is characteristic of reduced glucose control in the prediabetic state. Incretin hormones, which increase β-cell cAMP, restore acute-phase insulin secretion and improve glucose control. To determine the phys...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-1013
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that activation of the protective arm of the renin angiotensin system, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)]/Mas receptor axis, corrects the vasoreparative dysfunction typically seen in the CD34(+) cells isolated from diabetic individuals. Peripheral blood CD...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0808
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adipocyte-secreted protein adiponectin is associated with insulin sensitivity in observational studies. We aimed to evaluate whether this relationship is causal using a Mendelian randomization approach. In a sample of Swedish men aged 71 years (n = 942) from the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), ins...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0935
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In skeletal muscle, the actin cytoskeleton-regulating GTPase, Rac1, is necessary for insulin-dependent GLUT4 translocation. Muscle contraction increases glucose transport and represents an alternative signaling pathway to insulin. Whether Rac1 is activated by muscle contraction and regulates contraction-induced glucos...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0491
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Net hepatic glucose uptake (NHGU) is an important contributor to postprandial glycemic control. We hypothesized that NHGU is reduced during normal pregnancy and in a pregnant diet-induced model of impaired glucose intolerance/gestational diabetes mellitus (IGT/GDM). Dogs (n = 7 per group) that were nonpregnant (N), no...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0875
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance associated with altered fat partitioning in liver and adipose tissues is a prediabetic condition in obese adolescents. We investigated interactions between glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and the expression of lipogenic genes in abdominal subcutaneous adipose and liver tissue in 53 obese ado...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0889
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral neuropathy and insensate limbs and digits cause significant morbidity in diabetic individuals. Previous studies showed that deletion of the receptor for advanced end-glycation products (RAGE) in mice was protective in long-term diabetic neuropathy. Here, we tested the hypothesis that RAGE suppresses effecti...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0632
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::PTPN22 encodes the lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (LYP) and is the second strongest non-HLA genetic risk factor for type 1 diabetes. The PTPN22 susceptibility allele generates an LYP variant with an arginine-to-tryptophan substitution at position 620 (R620W) that has been reported by several studies to impart a gain of...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0929
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation has been suggested to contribute to insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. However, increasing muscle fatty acid oxidation may cause a reciprocal decrease in glucose oxidation, which might impair insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. We therefore investigated wha...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0259
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothalamic glucose sensing is involved in the control of feeding behavior and peripheral glucose homeostasis, and glial cells are suggested to play an important role in this process. Diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) and its processing product the octadecaneuropeptide (ODN), collectively named endozepines, are secret...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-0785
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity and type 2 diabetes are emerging global epidemics associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation. A characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes is delayed wound healing, which increases the risk of recurrent infections, tissue necrosis, and limb amputation. In health, inflammation is actively resolved by endoge...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0684
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutation of tub gene in mice induces obesity, suggesting that tub could be an important regulator of energy balance. In the current study, we investigated whether insulin, leptin, and obesity can modulate Tub in vivo in hypothalamic nuclei, and we investigated possible consequences on energy balance, neuropeptide expr...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.2337/db11-1388
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial progress has been made in identification of type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk loci in the past few years, but our understanding of the genetic basis of T2D in ethnically diverse populations remains limited. We performed a genome-wide association study and a replication study in Chinese Hans comprising 8,569 T2D c...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0454
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetuin-A interferes with insulin action in animal studies, but data on fetuin-A and diabetes risk in humans are sparse and the role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in this association is unknown. From 2000 to 2006, we prospectively identified 470 matched incident diabetes case-control pairs in the Nurses' Health S...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0372
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromogranin A (ChgA) has been identified as the antigen target for three NOD-derived, diabetogenic CD4 T-cell clones, including the well-known BDC-2.5. These T-cell clones respond weakly to the peptide WE14, a naturally occurring proteolytic cleavage product from ChgA. We show here that WE14 can be converted into a h...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0112
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPARδ) agonists to increase insulin sensitivity in diabetes. However, the role of PPARδ in regulating vascular function is incompletely characterized. We investigate whether PPARδ activation improves endothelial funct...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0117
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although obesity rates are rapidly rising, caloric restriction remains one of the few safe therapies. Here we tested the hypothesis that obesity-associated disorders are caused by increased adipose tissue as opposed to excess dietary lipids. Fat mass (FM) of lean C57B6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD; FMC mice) was "cla...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1621
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of obesity surgery-induced weight loss on transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) alternative splicing in adipose tissue and liver. Furthermore, we determined the association of TCF7L2 splicing with the levels of plasma glucose and serum free fatty acids (FFAs) in three independent stud...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0239
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging is closely associated with muscle insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and type 2 diabetes. We examined the hypothesis that muscle insulin resistance in healthy aging promotes increased hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and hyperlipidemia by altering the distribution patt...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0206
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of the existence of a diurnal pattern of glucose tolerance after mixed meals is important to inform a closed-loop system of treatment for insulin requiring diabetes. We studied 20 healthy volunteers with normal fasting glucose (4.8 ± 0.1 mmol/L) and HbA(1c) (5.2 ± 0.0%) to determine such a pattern in nondia...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db11-1478
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is characterized by adipose tissue (AT) macrophage (ATM) accumulation, which promotes AT inflammation and dysfunction. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficiency attenuates AT inflammation in obesity but does not impede the accumulation of ATMs. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether TLR4 defici...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1595
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both the coding and control regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) play roles in the generation of diabetes; however, no studies have thoroughly reported on the combined diabetogenic effects of variants in the two regions. We determined the mitochondrial haplogroup and the mtDNA sequence of the control region in 859 sub...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1369
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent nutrient excess results in a compensatory increase in the β-cell number in mammals. It is unknown whether this response occurs in nonmammalian vertebrates, including zebrafish, a model for genetics and chemical genetics. We investigated the response of zebrafish β-cells to nutrient excess and the underlying...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1841
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infants with congenital hyperinsulinism owing to inactivating mutations in the K(ATP) channel (K(ATP)HI) who are unresponsive to medical therapy will require pancreatectomy to control the hypoglycemia. In preclinical studies, we showed that the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-(9-39) suppresses insulin secretion and ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db12-0166
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrated closed-loop control (CLC), combining continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with insulin pump (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII]), known as artificial pancreas, can help optimize glycemic control in diabetes. We present a fundamental modular concept for CLC design, illustrated by clinical studies...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db11-1445
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are the essential eukaryotic organelles that produce most cellular energy. The energy production and supply by mitochondria appear closely associated with the continuous shape change of mitochondria mediated by fission and fusion, as evidenced not only by the hereditary diseases caused by mutations in fis...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1640
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In type 2 diabetes, impaired insulin-induced Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling may decrease the vascular relaxation response. Previously, we reported that this response was negatively regulated by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2). In this study, we investigated whether/how in aortas from...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1729
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is generally diagnosed too late. Therefore, biomarkers indicating early stages of β-cell dysfunction and mass reduction would facilitate timely counteraction. Transgenic pigs expressing a dominant-negative glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR(dn)) reveal progressive deterioration of glu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1133
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity and body fat distribution are important risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Evidence has accumulated that this risk is related to intrinsic differences in behavior of adipocytes in different fat depots. In the current study, we demonstrate that adipocyte precursor cells ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1753
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exercise-induced hyperinsulinism (EIHI) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by inappropriate insulin secretion in response to vigorous physical exercise or pyruvate injection. Activating mutations in the monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT1, SLC16A1) promoter have been linked to EIHI. Expression of this pyr...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1531
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes results from the destruction of β-cells by an autoimmune T-cell response assisted by antigen-presenting B cells producing autoantibodies. CD8(+) T-cell responses against islet cell antigens, thought to play a central role in diabetes pathogenesis, can be monitored using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0071
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activity of the vascular large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) channel is tightly regulated by its accessory β(1) subunit (BK-β(1)). Downregulation of BK-β(1) expression in diabetic vessels is associated with upregulation of the forkhead box O subfamily transcription factor-3a (FOXO-3a)-dependent F-box-only pro...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1658
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet transplantation is a potential treatment for type 1 diabetes, but the shortage of donor organs limits its routine application. As potential donor animals, we generated transgenic pigs expressing LEA29Y, a high-affinity variant of the T-cell costimulation inhibitor CTLA-4Ig, under the control of the porcine insul...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1325
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal neovascularization is observed in progression of diabetic retinopathy. New vessels grow into the vitreous cavity in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, resulting in traction retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. To overcome the catastrophic visual loss due to these complications, efforts have been focuse...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1541
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flow-mediated remodeling of resistance arteries is essential for revascularization in ischemic diseases, but this is impaired in diabetes. We hypothesized that breaking advanced glycation end product (AGE) cross-links could improve remodeling in mesenteric resistance arteries in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats compar...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-0750
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains a major health problem worldwide, with a steadily rising incidence yet no cure. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ), a member of a family of lipid kinases expressed primarily in leukocytes, has been the subject of substantial research for its role in inflammatory diseases. However, the ro...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-0134
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence suggests that epigenetic profile changes occurring during fetal development in response to in utero environment variations could be one of the mechanisms involved in the early determinants of adult chronic diseases. In this study, we tested whether maternal glycemic status is associated with the adipo...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1160
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, missense mutations upstream of preproinsulin's signal peptide (SP) cleavage site were reported to cause mutant INS gene-induced diabetes of youth (MIDY). Our objective was to understand the molecular pathogenesis using metabolic labeling and assays of proinsulin export and insulin and C-peptide production to...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-0878
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance is a recently identified mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure (CHF). We investigated the effects of two insulin-sensitizing drugs (metformin and rosiglitazone) in a genetic model of spontaneously hypertensive, insulin-resistant rats (SHHF). Thirty SHHF rats were randomi...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1132
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00